confounding

英 [kənˈfaʊndɪŋ]

美 [kənˈfaʊndɪŋ]

v.  使困惑惊讶; 使惊疑; 证明…有错; 击败，战胜(敌人)
confound的现在分词

现在分词：confounding　

BNC.44060 / COCA.24140

柯林斯词典

• VERB 使困惑;使惊讶
  If someone or somethingconfoundsyou, they make you feel surprised or confused, often by showing you that your opinions or expectations of them were wrong.
  1. He momentarily confounded his critics by his cool handling of the hostage crisis...
     他对人质危机的冷静处理一时让批评者们惊讶不已。
  2. The choice of Governor may confound us all.
     州长的选择可能会让我们所有人感到困惑。

英英释义

adj

• that confounds or contradicts or confuses
  Synonym:contradictory

双语例句

• But the validity of such studies was questionable because of confounding factors, including smoking, which contributes to both periodontal disease and cancer.
  不过这类研究的可信性是令人质疑的，因为存在着混杂因素，其中包括吸烟，牙周疾病和癌症都能由吸烟导致。
• But there was a change in Gatsby that was simply confounding.
  但是盖茨比身上却发生了一种令人惶惑的变化。
• These analyses depend on a number of potentially confounding factors such as nonstomatal transpiration and temperature.
  这些分析取决于非气孔蒸腾和温度这样一些可能混淆的因素。
• Limitations of this study include reliance on recall of diet and URTI, possible misclassification of exposure because of the timing of data collection, and possible residual confounding.
  本研究的局限性包括对饮食和URTI回忆的依赖、由于数据收集的限制所可能造成的对暴露的错误分类，以及可能残留的混杂因素。
• For one small group of investors, this return to normal places them in a new, confounding position.
  对一小部分投资者来说，情况恢复正常让他们陷入了另一种惶恐状态。
• We estimated the incidence rate of suicide-related events and used logistic regression to compute odds ratios, controlling for confounding factors.
  我们对自杀相关事件的发生率作出了评价，采用逻辑回归法计算出优势率，并对混淆因素进行了核实。
• He accepted that there was potential for a confounding bias in such observational registries.
  他认为在这种观察性研究中存在着混杂偏倚。
• Caffeine intake was associated with a significantly lower risk for AD, independently of other possible confounding variables.
  ***摄入量与AD风险降低明显相关，不依赖于其他伴随因子。
• Limitations of this study include possible unmeasured confounding and lack of data concerning cryptorchidism, which is another potential cause of infertility and testicular cancer.
  这项研究的限制包括可能未评量的干扰因素，以及缺乏有关隐睾症相关的数据，这是另一个造成不孕症与睾丸癌的潜在原因。
• Although statistical modeling could control for these measured baseline differences, the potential for confounding by unmeasured variables existed.
  虽然应用统计模型能控制这些基线评估上的差异，但仍然存在一些无法测定的变量导致潜在的混杂。